Tor of ciprofloxacin resistance. Ciprofloxacin MIC should to be routinely accomplished. Azithromycin resistance seems to be emerging. Even so, isolates showed a higher degree of susceptibility to ampicillin, co-trimoxazole and chloramphenicol. Thus, antibiotics like ampicillin and co-trimoxazole may perhaps as soon as again be useful for the management of enteric fever in southern India. Important words Antimicrobial susceptibility – azithromycin – ciprofloxacin – co-trimoxazole – Salmonella – typhoidMultidrug resistant (MDR) strains (resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and co-trimoxazole) of Salmonella enterica have emerged worldwide inside the last two decades1. Isolates of S. enterica with reducedsusceptibility to fluoroquinolones have now appeared inside the Indian subcontinent and also other regions2,three. Having said that, in India the degree of resistance to frequently utilized antibiotics for example chloramphenicol, ampicillin andCHOUDHARY et al: ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SALMONELLA SPECIESco-trimoxazole inside the era of quinolone resistance will not be clear1,four,five. The present study was undertaken to document the adjust inside the antibiotic susceptibility of S. enterica serovar Typhi and S. Paratyphi isolates obtained from blood culture during 2009-2011 inside a tertiary care hospital in south India. Material Techniques All S. enterica isolates obtained from blood cultures of clinically suspected cases of enteric fever noticed in Apollo Hospital, a tertiary care center in Chennai, south India, from May 2009 to June 2011 were integrated in the study. The study protocol was approved by the hospital ethics committee. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined employing industrial antimicrobial disks (HiMedia, Mumbai): chloramphenicol (30 ), nalidixic acid (30 ), ampicillin (10 ), azithromycin (15 ), co-trimoxazole (1.25/23.75 ), ciprofloxacin (5 ), and ceftriaxone (30 ). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed in accordance together with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method6. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ciprofloxacin were determined applying E-test (AB Bipods, Solana, Sweden). In the time of study the MIC for ciprofloxacin was 0.five /ml as per CLSI but this has subsequently been decreased to 0.0625 mg/ml. ATCC Escherichia coli 25922 strain was made use of for high-quality control7.145100-51-2 site Outcomes Discussion In the total 322 isolates studied, 186 (57.1262412-13-4 web 8 ) were S.PMID:23996047 Typhi and 134 (41.six ) had been S. Paratyphi A, two had been S. Paratyphi B. Of these isolates, 177 (55 ) had been sensitive to ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.25 mg/ml), 296 (91.9 ) had been nalidaxic acid resistant. With the 296 nalidaxic acid resistant isolates, 278 (94 ) had been susceptible to ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.five mg/ml). of your 262 isolates tested for azithromycin sensitivity, 120 (46 ) were susceptible, 81 (31 ) were resistant and 55 (21 ) have been intermediate. All 322 isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol, 290 isolated (90 ) were sensitive to ampicillin and 306 (95 ) had been sensitive to co-trimoxiazol (Table). Enteric fever is actually a important public wellness trouble in India. Many studies document S. Typhi as the commonest serovar isolated over the years8, and our study also showed 57.86 per cent isolates of serovar Typhi while 41.61 per cent have been serovar Paratyphi A9.Table. Sensitivity rates to different antibiotics No. of isolates Cotrimoxazole Ceftriaxone Nalidixic acid Ciprofloxacin Ampicillin Chloramphenicol 322 322 322 322 322 322 Sensitive isolates 306 (95.03 ) 322 (100 ) 26 (eight.07.